The depiction of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, a key Christian theme representing her immaculate conception, has been a popular subject in art from Medieval Europe to the Americas. The narrative, derived from apocryphal texts like the Protoevangelium of James, lacks biblical basis but has been illustrated since the 10th century, with notable works by Giotto and Murillo.

This Novohispanic enconchado painting, featuring mother-of-pearl inlay, portrays a detailed and realistic childbirth scene, contrasting with the more divine depiction of Christ’s nativity. The painting, characterized by its rich details and the use of luxurious materials, reflects the artistic style and societal affluence of 17th-century New Spain. Nicolás Correa, a skilled but lesser-known artist, exemplifies this technique in his work, highlighting his place alongside prominent enconchado painters like Juan and Miguel González.